Dictionary 1958

Please add your own words to this list as the course proceeds and fill in any of the words left blank with dictionary definitions from your own dictionary or one in the library. Bring any new words not on this list to class along with the definitions and explain why these words are relevant to our study and in what way clarity about these words is important for clear thinking about a topic.
Dictionary 1958	Dictionary Digital	Catena words (meaning links)	Definition used by scientists trying to create artificial intelligence or those who oppose such efforts
artificial
made or contrived by art that which is produced by human skill and labor often as an imitation of something found in nature feigned, fictitious, assumed; not genuine	produced by art rather than nature made by humans to imitate nature	art imitation nature genuine
genuine
authentic real true	authentic real	authentic real true
true
comformable to fact in accordance with the actual state of things not false, erroneous not counterfeit	agreeing with facts or reality	false counterfeit
intelligence
the faculty of understanding, the capacity to know or apprehend	the ability to learn and understand, or to deal with new or trying situations	understanding know apprehend learn
understand
to apprehend the meaning of to grasp the idea of to comprehend	to grasp the meaning of to comprehend	comprehend judging
apprehend
to come to know to be aware of to discover to become aware of through the senses	to become aware of	aware senses
aware
apprised informed cognizant conscious	having perception or knowledge conscious informed	conscious cognizant
cognizance
apprehension by understanding conscious recognition	apprehension by the mind awareness
consciousness
awareness of something within oneself that state of being which is characterized by sensation, emotion, thought or any psychical attribute whatever that form of existence which in its full development is able to distinguish itself from other existences	known or felt by one's inner self mentally awake or alert not asleep our unconscious intentional	emotion existence
emotion
anyone of the states designated as fear, anger, disgust, grief, joy, surprise, yearing	an unusually intense feeling such as love, hate or despair	love hate despair grief joy yearing fear
learn
to gain knowledge or understanding of or skill in by study, instruction or investigation	to gain knowledge, understanding or skill by study or experience	study
study
to apply the mind to books or learning to acquire knowledge by systematic investigation, reading to fix the mind closely on a subject to muse, ponder or meditate	the use of the mind to gain knowledge the act or process of learning about something careful examination	mind muse ponder meditate
mind
the perceptive and thinking part of consciousness memory that from which thought originates	memory the part of an individual that feels, perceives, thinks, wills, and especially reasons	think thinking feels perceives reasons individual
think
to form or formulate in the mind to have the thought, notion or image of to conceive to imagine to get an idea	to form or have in mind to have as an opinion, believe to reflect on, ponder to call to mind, remember	idea opinion believe remember conceive formulate
individual
a single human being	person	human being person
believe
to have faith or confidence in to have a firm persuasion especially of truths of religion	to have religious convictions to have firm conviction about something accept as true	conviction true
idea
a concept, a representation or a presentation of sense obs. an image or picture recalled by memory from latin word idein meaning to see a notion or thought	a plan for action; design something imagined or pictured in the mind a central meaning or purpose	concept notion thought
person
a being characterized by conscious apprehension, rationality, and a moral sense an individual human being	a human being used by those who prefer to avoid man in compounds applicable to both sexes	human being rationality moral man
human
belonging to or relating to man applies to whatever is characteristic of man as man	of or relating to being, or characteristic of humans having human form or attributes
rationality

moral

man
a member of the human race an invidual of the genus homo	a human being the human race mankind	mankind race
remember

opinion

soul
an entity conceived as the essence, substance animating principle or a actuating cause of life or of the individual life manifested in psychical activities, separate in nature from the body	the immaterial essence of an individual life	individual substance body
robot
In Karel Capek's play R.U.R. Rossum's Universal Robots - one of a large number of artificially manufactured persons, mechanically efficient but devoid of sensibility. Any automatic apparatus or device that perfroms functions ordinarily ascribed to human beings or operates with what appears to be almost human intelligence.	a machine that looks and acts like a human being a device that automatically performs especially repetitive tasks something guided by automatic controls	automatic sensibility human being device
machine
a material construction or erection, the handiwork of a devine or supernatural power; specifically the bodily frame (archaic) a construction or contrivance of a mechanical sort, the work of human hands any device consisting of two or more resistant, relatively constrained parts, which, by a certain predetermined intermotion, may serve to transmit and modify force and motion so as to produce some given effect or to do some desired kind of work	a combination of mechanical parts that transmit forces, motion, and engergy one to another an electrical, electronic or mechanical device for performing a task
automaton
a thing regarded as capable of spontaneous motion or action a machine that is self moving or has its motive power within itself especially to such as appear to imitate the motions of men, birds or other animals.	an automatic machine a robot	robot
oxymoron
a combination for epigrammatic effect of contradictory or incongruous words	a combination of contradictory words	epigrammatic incongruous